Инсталляция приложений

Версия 19:00, 15 ноября 2009

Репозитории

Репозитории Предпочтительный метод инсталляции большинства пакетов – инсталлировать их из репозиториев при помощи Администратора приложений. Основной (и рекомендуемый) репозиторий для большинства пакетов – Extras. Как только репозиторий добавлен ваш каталог приложений в Администраторе приложений, вы увидете пакеты из этого репозитория перечисленными в списке пакетов Администратора приложений и сможете инсталлировать их непосредственно оттуда.

.installs

.install files are provided in many places as a way to install applications directly from the browser using Application manager. Downloads is a good example of this (the green arrows are .install files). Most of these .installs simply tell the Application manager to grab a package from a certain repository, and can automatically add repositories to your application catalog if required.

.debs

.deb (short for Debian) is the package format used by Maemo. .deb packages are roughly analogous to OS X's .pkg or Windows' .exe/.msi installers. .debs are how almost all packages are delivered, but you usually don't deal with them directly, except when installing locally. Some packages are simply not distributed through repositories, or offered separately as .debs (which you may prefer for whatever reason).

You can install .debs by opening them from the browser, or opening local copies with Application manager. The major disadvantage to installing .debs locally as opposed to installing from a repository is that you wont be automatically notified of updates to the package. Also dependency installation is not automatic.

Installing debs directly does not work anymore in Fremantle (Maemo 5).

Console

apt and dpkg are the tools for managing packages from the console. These can be used locally through XTerm or remotely through SSH.

apt

apt generally deals with installing packages from repositories. You can install packages from your repositories by running apt-get install <package name>, and apt will attempt to fetch the .deb and all of its dependencies and install them. You can then remove packages by running apt-get remove <package name>. To search the available packages from your repositories, simply run apt-cache search <search string> and it will display a list of matching packages.

dpkg

dpkg is generally used for installing local .deb files directly, which can be done by running a dpkg -i <local .deb> with a local .deb.

Troubleshooting

There are a variety of ways the application installation process can fail, only the common ones are outlined here. Application manager keeps a log of recent activity that's available in the menu (Menu -> Tools -> Log...) which may help you in diagnosing problems.

Unable to download 

Typically, when the Application manager instantly complains about not being able to download when you attempt to install applications, this means that your internal flash card is corrupt and set to read-only. This can be fixed by fixing whatever is wrong with the internal card (likely a corrupt filesystem).

Individual instructions

There is a wiki page for individual instructions. It is called Install instructions. There should be found instructions to every other piece of software that can't be installed by app manager or means above. If the article lacks instructions for some software, please contact the author and ask him to write instructions to wiki and link them to the Install instructions -page.